Tidal & Wetland Marsh Plants

Salt / Brackish Marsh

Common NameScientific NameNotes
Smooth Cordgrass Spartina alterniflora Dominant; ecosystem engineer
Saltmeadow Hay Spartina patens High marsh; fine-textured
Black Needlerush Juncus roemerianus Dense brackish stands
Saltgrass Distichlis spicata High salt marsh
Broad-leaved Cattail Typha latifolia Fresh to brackish; colonial

Tidal Freshwater Marsh

Common NameScientific NameNotes
Arrow Arum Peltandra virginica Arrow-shaped leaves
Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata Blue flower spikes
Wild Rice Zizania aquatica Tall; critical waterfowl food
Spatterdock Nuphar advena Yellow lily-pad flowers
Jewelweed Impatiens capensis Orange; touch-me-not seeds
American Bur-reed Sparganium americanum Ball-shaped fruit heads
Broadleaf Arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia "Duck potato"; white 3-petal
Sweet Flag Acorus americanus Aromatic iris-like leaves
Lizard's Tail Saururus cernuus Nodding white spikes

Rare / Globally Significant

Common NameScientific NameStatusNotes
Sensitive Joint-vetch Aeschynomene virginica Federally Threatened / S2 Tidal freshwater; Pamunkey/Mattaponi rivers
Parker's Pipewort Eriocaulon parkeri S1-S2 Tidal mudflats
Cylindrical Bulrush Schoenoplectus cylindricus S1-S3 Tidal freshwater; very rare